The Bureau of Indian Standards (BIS) is in the process of formulating the National Agriculture Code (NAC), a comprehensive framework designed to set uniform standards throughout the agricultural cycle, from field preparation to the storage of produce. Modeled after the existing National Building Code and National Electrical Code, the NAC aims to create a consistent guideline for agricultural practices.
The Need for the NAC
While the BIS has established standards for certain agricultural machinery (like tractors and harvesters) and inputs (such as fertilizers and pesticides), many crucial areas remain unregulated. For example, there are currently no standards for agricultural practices including land preparation, micro-irrigation, and efficient water management. This has led to calls from policymakers for a comprehensive standards framework, which the NAC seeks to provide.
The NAC will cover all aspects of agriculture and will consist of two parts:
- General Principles applicable to all crops.
- Crop-Specific Standards addressing key crops like paddy, wheat, oilseeds, and pulses.
This code will serve as a vital resource for farmers, agricultural universities, and officials involved in the agricultural sector.
Scope of the NAC
The NAC will encompass standards for a wide range of agricultural processes and post-harvest operations, including:
- Pre-Planting Activities: Crop selection, land preparation, and sowing or transplanting methods.
- On-Field Practices: Guidelines for irrigation, drainage, soil health management, and plant health management.
- Harvesting and Post-Harvest Operations: Standards for harvesting, threshing, primary processing, and storage.
- Sustainability Practices: Recommendations for sustainable agriculture and record maintenance.
- Input Management: Regulations on the use of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, and weedicides.
- Innovative Approaches: Coverage of new and emerging areas such as natural and organic farming and the application of Internet-of-Things (IoT) technology in agriculture.
Objectives of the National Agriculture Code
The primary objective of the National Agriculture Code is to provide a cohesive set of guidelines that enhance efficiency, sustainability, and traceability within the agricultural value chain. The NAC will be a valuable tool for farmers, policymakers, and agricultural professionals, facilitating adherence to best practices and promoting sustainable farming techniques.
To support the implementation of these standards, the BIS plans to establish Standardization and Accreditation Demonstration Farms (SADFs). These farms will act as educational centers where farmers, industry stakeholders, and government officials can learn about and experience the best practices outlined in the NAC.
Countries such as China have successfully demonstrated the benefits of implementing similar frameworks, showcasing how standardized practices can significantly improve agricultural productivity and sustainability.