What is Indus Water Treaty
- On 19 September 1960, India and Pakistan signed a deal called the Indus Water Treaty to share the water of six major rivers.
- India got full use of the three eastern rivers – Ravi, Beas and Sutlej.
- Pakistan got most of the water from the three western rivers – Indus, Jhelum and Chenab.
Why was the treaty signed?
- To avoid fights over water and to let farmers in both countries keep growing crops without worry.
- Even during the wars of 1965, 1971 and 1999, India kept following the treaty.
Current situation
- Around 80 % of Pakistan’s farming depends on the Indus, Jhelum and Chenab.
- If India reduces or delays the flow of these rivers, Pakistan could face:
- Water shortages for crops, hurting its already fragile farm sector.
- Less electricity, because many Pakistani dams and hydropower plants rely on these rivers.
- Economic stress, as both farming and industry would suffer.
In short, the Indus Water Treaty was meant to keep water-sharing peaceful. Any change in river flow now could cause serious water, power and economic problems for Pakistan.